TECH INFO SHEET: SB-G100, ProGold TECH INFO
ProGold
The Next Generation Contact Conditioner & Protector

ProGold Conditioning Treatment outperforms all other contact cleaners, enhancers and lubricants. Due to its unique properties, it deoxidizes and cleans surface contamination, and penetrates plated surfaces and molecularly bonds to the base metals - NO OTHER PRODUCT DOES THIS. ProGold increases conductivity, contact surface area and reduces arcing, RFI, wear, and abrasion (the major causes of intermittent signals, distortion and signal loss).

Introduction

Considering the hundreds (if not thousands) of connections in electronic equipment today, it is only a matter of time before they begin to fail (primarily due to oxidation and corrosion).

Normally, we consider a connector to have failed when it interrupts or degrades signal flow. If we consider a good connection, one with a reasonable amount of metal-to-metal contact, then most untreated connections are indeed substandard.

The mating surfaces of connectors are typically unable to crunch through the nonconducting film of metal oxide that forms on them. Component and equipment manufacturers are aware of these problems. Consequently, they design into their switches and sockets a certain amount of wiping action (a polite way of saying abrasive contact). Another popular countermeasure is to carefully select materials to fit the intended application.

The problem with this approach is that the really good contact materials (such as coin silver) deteriorate faster, while the most durable substances (such as tungsten) have poor electrical characteristics. Sometimes, a combination of materials such as gold over silver or copper is used, but in time this combination also causes problems.

ProGold - Definition

ProGold is specifically formulated to improve conductivity and provide long-lasting protection on gold, precious metals and their base metals. It conditions connectors, contacts, and other metal surfaces, thus enhancing the conductivity characteristics to efficiently transmit electrical signals. ProGold is the only product that will actually penetrate the plated surfaces and molecularly bond to the base metals to seal & protect them (see FIGURE 1).

ProGold can be used on all metal surfaces and is formulated to remove minor amounts of oxidation caused by wear, abrasion or dendrite corrosion.

ProGold coats the entire contact surface and connection, providing superior protection from abrasion (insertion resistance), dendrite corrosion, arcing, RFI, wear, and atmospheric contamination.

ProGold is effective on stationary and moving contacts and connectors with similar or dissimilar metals. When a treated and untreated connector mate, ProGold migrates to coat both. When connectors separate, ProGold recoats both exposed metal surfaces.

ProGold's superior formula contains conditioners, deoxidizers, preservatives, conductivity enhancers, arcing and RFI inhibitors and anti-tarnishing compounds. These reduce intermittent connection problems and significantly increase the quality and reliability of electrical components and equipment.

Physical & Chemical

Physical and chemical changes in surface conditions of electrical or electronic connectors are a primary cause of degraded performance in components and equipment.

When contact surfaces are exposed to dust, smoke, gases, soot, and other solids suspended in the atmosphere, non-metallic films form, inhibiting conductivity. Oxidation is the most common reaction causing metal oxide formation. Salt-laden air in coastal areas corrodes most metals, forming chloride films. Humidity, condensation, salts, sulfur, and acid fumes are also common causes of rust, corrosion, and oxidation. Added resistance and friction between metal surfaces can also cause abrasion, noise, freeze-up, and in some cases, increased power consumption.

Plated Surfaces

A common problem with plated surfaces, especially gold, is the "whiskering" (dendrite corrosion) of base metals to the surface due to gold's soft and porous nature.


Once exposed, the base metals oxidize causing a "blistering" of the surfaces, adding unwanted resistance that impedes electrical performance.

 


The contact surfaces are actually separated by this blister, thereby reducing the effective contact area. Since goldplated surfaces are thinly coated, they are susceptible to scratching and abrasion, further exposing the base metals.

 

 

While the household user of electrical and electronic equipment may be able to cope with such problems for short periods of time, one can realize the critical nature of even minor trouble in industrial, high-tech or aerospace applications.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Contact technology has improved with the advent of specialized alloys, bimetallic contacts and innovative plating techniques. Whether contacts are machined or plated, it is impossible to achieve a perfectly smooth contact surface. They may appear smooth to the unaided eye, but examined under a microscope the peaks and valleys on the surface become evident.

Abrasion

When the contact surfaces are brought together, only the peaks are actually in contact with the other surface, causing increased contact resistance, higher operating temperatures, increased wear of the contacts, and further exposure of base metals. This problem becomes more evident when contacts are made of dissimilar metals.

 

A common practice in the manufacture of contacts is to apply a thin layer of expensive gold or silver onto a cheaper base metal, usually copper. The softer metal gets worn away by the harder one and exposes the base metal. The exposed surfaces then oxidize, increasing resistance and reducing contact efficiency. In some cases this will actually separate the contact surfaces.

Arcing

As contacts open and close, an arc will occur between the high and low points of the contact surfaces. This causes heat to be generated and contaminants to react with the metal contacts, creating an insulating, oxidized film. This film increases contact resistance and generates more heat. Arcing also causes electrochemical reactions in the air between the contact surfaces resulting in nitric acid formation which can form a high resistance insulated layer.

ProGold will fill the gaps in the contact surfaces to increase the effective contact area and prevent current concentration at surface peaks. The result is that current is distributed more evenly across the contact surfaces.

Air Contamination

Although goldplated contacts do not oxidize, they are subject to other contamination problems. Exposed metals tend to oxidize and corrode due to the contaminants in the atmosphere, resulting in a very high contact resistance. Tarnishing can also occur and is generally present on contact surfaces.

These problems are common on many plated surfaces, especially edge connectors, where the plating is generally very thin and porous, vulnerable to moisture and metal salts. The corrosion tends to separate the plated surface from the base metal. The affected surfaces are easily worn or broken away, leaving holes that invite further oxidation and corrosion. ProGold forms a protective film over the entire contact surface, preventing contaminants from coming in contact with the metal. Contaminants that deposit on the surface will combine with ProGold to form a thicker area of material that will be easily displaced as the contact moves. These thicker areas will be pushed away leaving a thin protective coating.

R.F. Interference, Distortion & Signal Loss

When contacts are contaminated, they can act like an antenna and become susceptible to RFI. When operated, they can cause RFI as they vibrate or chatter through the contamination. ProGold eliminates the contamination and improves the integrity and conductivity of the connection preventing RFI, distortion and signal loss.

How Does ProGold Actually Work?

Conduction through a ProGold coated surface takes place in three ways.

First, ProGold can be displaced by electrical arc, shock wave or simple mechanical pressure and will redistribute itself along the surface when the disturbance is removed.

Second, a thin insulating film of ProGold can be dispersed by an electrical field.



Unlike other products, ProGold provides long-lasting protection (1-10 years) and will not gum-up, evaporate, varnish, char or breakdown.

Finally, conduction takes place through very thin films of ProGold by means of a quantum-mechanical phenomenon called tunneling.  To avoid detouring into a discussion in physics, simply stated, electrons travel from one side of a thin film of ProGold to the other without passing through (this is the same effect that gave the tunnel diode its name). ProGold fills the gaps in the contact surfaces, increasing the surface area and current flow (conductivity). ProGold penetrates the plated surface and molecularly bonds to the base metal to seal and protect it.

Unlimited Uses for ProGold

ProGold is ideal for use on gold, precious metal surfaces, plated contacts and connectors, edge connectors, IC's & sockets, connectors, contacts, plugs & sockets, relays, circuit boards (for storage), stationary/moving connections, and similar/dissimilar metals.  Use ProGold to improve and maintain the performance & reliability of all electrical components & equipment.

NOTE: All information and data contained in this literature we believe to be accurate; however, it should not be taken as definitive for all users. Users should thoroughly test advertised products in their applications, and independently conclude satisfactory results before use in large scale production or manufacturing processes.

 
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12200 Thatcher Court, Poway, CA 92064-6876

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